Cristiano Antonino 4865 posts

Hypothyroidism is a dysfunction of the thyroid gland: the gland is unable to produce a normal amount of thyroid hormones - Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) - which are therefore present in the blood in lower than normal amounts

Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a congenital heart condition affecting the cardiac electrical conduction system, dependent on a defect present in the individual as early as birth

Cholera is a disease with fecal-oral transmission, i.e. its spread begins with the expulsion of the pathogen through the faeces of the infected individual and ends with the ingestion by a healthy individual of contaminated food or water,…

One of the most frequent problems encountered by ENT specialists is the management of patients, mostly paediatric, with tonsillar and adenoid hypertrophy problems

Rescuing a child in cardiac arrest is delicate: here are some tips for using the paediatric defibrillator

Histoplasmosis is an infection affecting the lungs that is contracted by inhaling spores of the Histoplasma capsulatum fungus

Lymphoedema is a pathology that affects the lymphatic vessels and causes an accumulation of fluid and other substances in the intercellular spaces

Huntington's Disease (or Chorea or Morbus) is an inherited neurological disorder caused by the degeneration of brain cells (neurons) located in specific areas of the brain

Cameras with drone technology to serve police dogs: this is the project developed in the UK by heliguy™, in collaboration with the Cumbria Constabulary

Drones for Emergency and Civil Protection: Venari has partnered with Drone specialist heliguy™ to develop a dedicated UAS support vehicle

Cartilage lesions of the knee are a type of pathology that mostly affects the elderly population (>65 years), as they represent the beginning of arthrosis

What is Legionella? Legionella pneumophila is a genus of aerobic gram-negative bacteria responsible for infectious diseases of the respiratory system (Legionellosis)

Laryngitis is the condition of inflammation of the larynx; it is useful to remember that the larynx is the part of the throat responsible for the emission of sounds, as it is the seat of the vocal cords When the vocal cords become…

The complex network of reciprocal neurohormonal influences on the endothelium gives rise to what is now clinically referred to as the 'metabolic syndrome'

When people talk about infarction, they generally mean myocardial infarction, but infarction can actually occur in several organs

Germany, the "Gaffer" phenomenon: gaffering during road accidents is a phenomenon that has been occurring for many years, but the development and spread of smartphones makes life even more complicated for rescuers intent on saving lives in…

Let's talk about lymphadenopathy: while the best known circulation is that of the blood, through arteries and veins, the circulation of the lymph is still an unknown and uninteresting subject for many

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) refers to a set of genetic disorders that result in excessive weakening and laxity of the connective tissue

Widely used today in common parlance but no longer used by specialists, the term 'labyrinthitis' originated in the pre-antibiotic era when otitis media could complicate into otomastoiditis and thus affect the inner ear (or labyrinth) and…

Colonic diverticulosis is a common condition that afflicts about 50 per cent of the Western population, especially in old age

Cardiac arrest is one of the top 15 most common emergencies that EMS professionals respond to, accounting for about 2% of all EMS calls

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis (disease affecting both animals and humans) caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira

Laryngospasm is a temporary condition that prevents normal breathing for a few seconds, causing choking attacks, and then resolves spontaneously

Macular degeneration, also known as maculopathy, is a disease that generally manifests itself with advancing age (after the age of 50) and involves a progressive loss of vision in the central area

Vertigo syndrome and balance dysfunctions are characterised by symptoms that are difficult to explain, alterations in the body's faculties of perception in space; to add to this, the rehabilitation therapies to treat them are often little…

Cardiovascular diseases affecting the heart and blood vessels are very heterogeneous: high blood pressure, coronary artery disease, decompensation and heart attack are the main cause of death in industrialised countries, including Italy

The Mediterranean diet is a healthy and sustainable food model, based on the consumption of foods produced in the countries of the Mediterranean area and combined according to traditional recipes that are based on seasonality and are…

Hand, foot and mouth disease is an infectious disease that predominantly affects paediatric patients

Injury of the rotator cuff tendons of the shoulder can occur either due to traumatic causes (but this is rare), or due to a sub-acromial conflict syndrome: the tendons of the rotator cuff muscles that insert on the head of the humerus -…

Malaria is an infectious disease caused by protozoa of the genus Plasmodium, transmitted to humans through the bite of mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (abbreviated as MRGE) is a complex of symptoms caused by the phenomenon of reflux, i.e. the passage of part of the gastric content into the oesophagus resulting in symptoms secondary to irritation of the…

A particular pathology, often considered among the cystic liver diseases, is Caroli disease or Caroli syndrome: it is characterised by cysts communicating with the intrahepatic biliary tract

Fabry disease (also known as Anderson-Fabry disease) is a genetic lysosomal storage disorder, characterised by the progressive accumulation of glycosphingolipids in tissues and organs throughout the body

Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes an immune reaction of the body to the intake of gluten

It is called dermatillomania and is a compulsive disorder characterised by the habit of constantly pinching and 'tormenting' the skin, sometimes consciously, sometimes unconsciously as a sort of nervous tic

The term thalassaemia (Mediterranean anaemia or microcytic anaemia) defines a heterogeneous group of hereditary anaemias, caused by an alteration in the genes that regulate haemoglobin production

The term 'dysuria' refers to pain or burning during urination, i.e. during the emission of urine. What can be the causes and who should be contacted?

Hereditary tyrosinaemia is a genetic metabolic defect associated with severe liver disease in childhood. For the disease to develop, both parents must be carriers of the gene that causes it

Kaposi's sarcoma is a cancer that affects the endothelial tissues beneath the skin and mucous membranes, prevalent in immunocompromised individuals (especially those with AIDS)

Angioplasty (PTA - Percutaneous Transluminal Angioplasty) of the arteries of the lower limbs is a minimally invasive surgery modality that represents a true innovation in the field of arteriopathy therapy

Diverticula are extroversions of the mucosa and submucosa comparable to small pockets, which can form in the digestive tract, but their most frequent location is on the intestinal wall at the level of the colon

Gynaecological cancers are malignant diseases that affect the female genital apparatus. Approximately 4 million women worldwide fall ill with a gynaecological malignancy each year and about one third die from the disease

Dyslexia is a Specific Learning Disorder (SLD). This term refers only to disorders of scholastic abilities and in particular: dyslexia, dysorthography, dysgraphia and dyscalculia

Toxoplasmosis is a fairly common infectious disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii, a parasite capable of infecting both humans and other warm-blooded animals, including mammals and birds

Rescuers in Germany in the same difficult situation as their Italian, British and other colleagues: fatigue from increasing workloads and burnout lead to a surprising (but not so surprising) result among them, with 39% saying they would…

Multiple myeloma is a cancer that affects the plasma cells in the blood, a special type of white blood cell that acts as a defence against infections and diseases

Nowadays, there are two techniques for closing the ductus arteriosus of Botallo, both of which are very effective: traditional surgery and transcatheter treatment

Guttate psoriasis is a less common form of psoriasis that can develop suddenly after an infection such as streptococcus. Here's how to recognise the signs on the skin

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterised by weakness and fatigue of the skeletal muscles, fatigue that decreases after a period of rest

Meningitis is an inflammatory disease of the meninges, the membranes lining the brain and spinal cord

Irritable bowel syndrome is a predominantly female condition that affects the intestinal tract, alternating periods of constipation with periods characterised by diarrhoeal bowel, all associated with bloating and abdominal pain and other…

The project 'Supporting the Senegalese Red Cross Emergency Plan for Migration' starts in the town of Rosso-Senegal, a few kilometres from the border between Senegal and Mauritania

Firefighting operations with helicopters: the Kamovs are currently unlicensed due to their Russian origin and are in need of repair

Electric vehicles catching fire after being submerged in salt water during Hurricane Ian, and from this experience comes the narrative of politicians and US firefighters

The term psychosis - introduced in 1845 with the meaning of 'mental illness' or 'madness' - currently denotes a severe alteration of the individual's psychic balance

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by motor neuron degeneration that initially leads to impaired motor functions (up to total muscular paralysis) and subsequently impairs vital…

Measles is the most conspicuous of all childhood exanthematous diseases, as it is characterised by very high fever, cough, conjunctivitis, rash and mucous eruption (enanthema) The causes of measles Measles is caused by infection with a…

Cutaneous melanoma is a neoplasm that originates from melanocytes, the cells responsible for the production of melanin

Pyorrhoea (from the Greek pyo - pus - and rea - flow: 'discharge of pus') is a chronic inflammation of the periodontium, i.e. everything around the roots of the teeth (gums, alveolar ligaments, alveoli and bone apparatus)

Project HOPE – the global health and humanitarian aid organization – has expanded into newly liberated areas of Eastern Ukraine to address the urgent health needs of those who are most impacted by the crisis

Uterine myomas, or fibroids, are the most common benign tumour of the female pelvis, being found in more than 35% of women over the age of 30

Nearsightedness is one of the three main visual defects (along with astigmatism and farsightedness), which does not allow the correct focusing and visualisation of images

Misophonia is a disorder characterised by intolerance, and consequent pathological reactions, to sounds that are commonly present in the environment and that do not normally elicit particular reactions in most people

Elder abuse, neglect (including self-neglect), and exploitation are common and are associated with depression, mental impairment, loss of function, and mortality

Scarlet fever and its younger sister, the fourth disease, are the only two exanthematous diseases to be caused not by a virus but by a bacterium, namely group A β-haemolytic streptococcus (SBEGA)

Nail fungus, in medical terms onychomycosis, is an infection that can affect fingernails and toenails, turning them white or yellowish and weakening them

Pyelonephritis refers to an infectious process affecting the upper urinary tract, that is, the kidneys. This infectious process may arise for various reasons and origins and affects only the urinary tract

Syncope is defined as a transient loss of consciousness. Syncope is the medical term for fainting or passing out. It is caused by a temporary drop in the amount of blood that flows to the brain

Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a common non-arrest dysrhythmia seen in children, especially during infancy, and is the main cause of cardiac-related instability

Russia-Ukraine war: a team of 11 staff of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), including one doctor, is ready in Donetsk to visit any prisoners of war held in the area, including at the Olenivka penal facility

Otitis is an inflammatory process affecting the ear. In accordance with the anatomy of the ear, otitis is divided into external otitis, otitis media, labyrinthitis

Nevi more commonly called melanocytic moles (or nevocellular nevi) are intracutaneous collections of melanocytes that clinically manifest as blotchy or nodular lesions with clear-cut borders and relatively stable over time

Prostatitis is a disease of the prostate, characterised by severe urinary symptoms, typical of inflammation or infection of the prostate gland

Antipyretics are medicines used to reduce body temperature in the event of fever. How? By stimulating thermodispersion mechanisms such as sweating

Let's talk about canker sores: once in a lifetime everyone has had annoying, small, ulcer-like sores in the mouth that cause burning and, in some cases, real pain

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterised by a decrease in bone mass and density that often develops without symptoms and is usually not discovered until weakened bones suffer fractures

Postpartum depression is a mood disorder. Together with anxiety disorders, it is the psychiatric disorder most frequently encountered in the perinatal period (the period immediately preceding and following birth)

The importance of paediatric assessment: although children account for only a small percentage of pre-hospital emergencies, they present a special challenge to EMS professionals; both patient and crew suffer extreme emotional stress and…

Oxyuriasis is an intestinal infection caused by a whitish-coloured worm, the oxyurion (Oxyuris vermicularis, Enterobius vermicularis), first identified in 1758 by the Swedish naturalist Linnaeus

Parkinson's disease: in 1817, James Parkinson published a monograph entitled 'Essay on the shaking palsy'

Let's talk about valvulopathies: heart valves are the structures that separate the cardiac chambers (atria and ventricles) from each other and from the great vessels (aorta and pulmonary artery)

Parotitis (popularly known as 'mumps') is an epidemic disease mainly affecting school-age children, caused by a paramyxovirus, typical of humans (there are no known cases of epidemic mumps in animals), which tends to heal spontaneously

Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammation that can theoretically affect the entire alimentary canal, from the mouth to the anus, but is mainly localised in the last part of the small intestine called the ileum (ileitis) or in the colon…

Pubalgia is a painful inflammation affecting the muscles of the pubic and/or inguinal area It is a condition that mainly affects competitive sportsmen, but also pregnant women, those who practise sport at an amateur level, or, more…

Wilson's disease is a rare hereditary disease caused by a defect in metabolism that leads to an excessive accumulation of copper in the liver and other tissues (mainly the brain and central nervous system)

Autumn and winter, the seasons of childhood otitis: after the cold, ear infection is the most frequent infectious disease in children (the majority of children have at least one ear infection in the first three years of life)

Asthenia, apathy and anhedonia: these are the 'three A's' that indicate the main symptoms of depression and which, to put it simply, consist of a loss of interest, motivation and energy for things one normally enjoys

Rome, unusual operation for brain tumour. The neurosurgeon: 'The preparatory course and the choice of the tailor-made team are fundamental'

Nocturia is a medical term that refers to the need to interrupt sleep to get up and urinate during the night two or more times

Intervention in paediatric toxicological emergencies: exposure to toxic substances frequently occurs in children

Presbyopia is a physiological vision condition that arises due to gradual stiffening of the crystalline lens, a lens located in the posterior chamber of the eye, posterior to the iris, which normally allows images of objects placed at…

Lung cancer generally begins with a lesion at the bifurcation of the bronchi as a result of repeated insults over time by irritants

Most gallstones are asymptomatic and are often diagnosed by chance, perhaps during an ultrasound performed for other reasons

Obstructed Defecation Syndrome (ODS): many women (but also many men) suffer from constipation: in simple terms, they do not have normal defecation, both in relation to timing and frequency of evacuation

Drones are playing an increasingly important role in medical rescue: the developers of a planned drone-based medical network in Scotland have won the Excellence in Technology and Innovation prize at this year’s Scottish Transport Awards

Traumatic brain injury is an injury to the brain from some type of force or trauma to the head

The role of teachers is crucial in school emergencies: it is beyond doubt that knowledge and skills of first aid create a safer and healthier school environment

Glaucoma is a chronic, bilateral disease of the optic nerve characterised by progressive damage to its nerve fibres; the cause is an internal pressure greater than the eye can tolerate

Let's talk about pathologies during pregnancy: talking about ailments and illnesses during pregnancy is very complex as it is too vast a chapter to lend itself to simplifications

Retinal thrombosis consists of the occlusion of a retinal arterial or venous vessel, due to a thrombus or embolus