Health and Safety

The provocation test (or 'challenge test') is a diagnostic test used in medicine that consists of administering a substance (e.g. a drug or an allergen such as pollen) via various routes to confirm or exclude its involvement in an allergic…

Mitral insufficiency is a heart disease affecting the mitral valve, one of the 4 valves of the heart

Vomiting blood: haemorrhage of the initial tract of the digestive tract results in haematemesis, i.e. vomiting of blood, often associated with melena (emission of black-picky stools)

The term 'wound' in medicine refers to a particular type of wound, characterised by the interruption of one or more of the body's external tissues and caused by ischaemia (interruption of blood vessels) and subsequent necrosis (cell death)…

Pulmonary emphysema (a term originating from the Greek empbysan, meaning 'to swell') is an obstructive lung disease characterised by the dilation and destruction of the lung parenchymal units, from the terminal bronchioles to the alveoli

Scoliosis is a structural pathology (dysmorphism) that leads to the formation of a curve in the spinal column. It is a true rotational deformity that is permanent and evolving, i.e. it tends to worsen with time

Hashimoto's encephalopathy (HE) is a rare disease that involves impaired brain function (encephalopathy). The condition is named for its possible association with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a common autoimmune thyroid disease, but the exact…

Dyspepsia is an alteration in the digestive functions of the stomach, commonly described as 'poor digestion', however, it is still a syndrome that is difficult to pin down and define

Cardiac arrest is a catastrophic event in which the heart stops beating. This means the body is deprived of the oxygen it needs to survive

Impaled objects are items that have punctured the body's soft tissue and are still embedded. Depending on the location of the impalement and the size of the object, emergency medical response may be necessary