Dengue alert: critical situation in Brazil and alert in Italy
An analysis on the spread of dengue, associated risks, preventive measures, and the current situation in Brazil and Italy
Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, particularly by the Aedes aegypti species, but also by Aedes albopictus, both present in various areas worldwide, including Italy. This condition represents one of the main causes of illness and death in the tropics and subtropics, with an estimated 390 million infections annually globally. The current situation in Brazil is concerning, with a significant increase in cases, while in Italy, there is growing vigilance to prevent outbreaks.
Risks and most exposed individuals
Dengue can manifest in forms ranging from mild to severe. In its milder expression, it can resemble flu-like symptoms, but in severe forms, it can progress to dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome, both potentially lethal. The most vulnerable are children, the elderly, and those with compromised immune systems. However, it is important to note that the severity of the disease can vary greatly from person to person.
Spread and transmission
Dengue spreads through the bite of infected mosquitoes. The rapidity of its expansion is facilitated by globalization and climate change, which expand the habitats of vector mosquitoes. In Brazil, the situation is exacerbated by weather conditions favorable to mosquito reproduction and by uneven healthcare coverage, leaving some areas particularly vulnerable.
Preventive measures
The fight against dengue focuses on preventing contagion. Measures include reducing mosquito breeding sites such as stagnant water collections, using mosquito nets, insect repellents, and promoting public awareness campaigns. Some countries have begun implementing innovative strategies, such as releasing genetically modified mosquitoes to reduce vector populations or using Wolbachia, a bacterium that inhibits virus transmission.
The situation in Brazil and Italy
Brazil is facing a dengue epidemic with a rapidly increasing number of cases, prompting health authorities to intensify control and prevention measures. The widespread dissemination of the disease in the nation requires coordinated action to limit the number of infections and prevent associated mortality.
Unfortunately, hospitals are collapsing, and there is a risk of a collapse of the healthcare system.
In Italy, although the risk of a dengue epidemic is currently considered low, the presence of the Aedes albopictus vector, especially in the northern part of the country, lays the groundwork for possible local virus transmission. Health authorities maintain high vigilance, closely monitoring the situation, and promoting preventive actions among the population to reduce the risk of outbreaks.
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