Haematuria: the causes of blood in the urine
Haematuria is the presence of blood in the urine. Haematuria is defined as microscopic when it is detected on microscopic examination of the urine sediment, while it is defined as macroscopic when it gives a reddish colour to the urine and the patient also notices it when viewing the same urine
The presence of blood in the urine thus represents the clinical manifestation of a haemorrhage potentially occurring in every organ of the urinary system, both high and low (kidney, renal pelvis, ureter, bladder, urethra, prostate).
Many times, however, haematuria may be concomitant with an irritative urinary pathology such as nocturia, stranguria, imperfect urination, urinary burning, which poses more for a diagnosis of an inflammatory or infectious origin (cystitis, urinary infection).
What are the causes of haematuria?
The causes of haematuria can be urological and non-urological haematuria or false haematuria.
What to do in the event of haematuria
In episodes of haematuria, it is always best to consult a doctor who, based on the medical history, will prescribe the necessary diagnostic tests to resolve the problem and make a diagnosis.
How haematuria is diagnosed
The diagnostic tests to be performed in the case of haematuria are as follows, starting with the less invasive ones
- urine examination with urine culture and ABG;
- complete blood count with coagulation;
- ultrasound of the urinary apparatus;
- cytological urine examination on 3 samples;
- Uro-Tac;
- cystoscopy if necessary.
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