Hospital Triage in the United States
How triage works in hospital emergencies
Triage in hospital emergencies: how it works
Triage in US hospitals is a fundamental process for prioritizing patients entering emergency departments based on the severity of their conditions. In other words, it’s not based on the “first-come, first-served” rule, but ensuring that the most critical cases receive care without delay.
The Essence of Triage
Triage represents the first step when patients enter emergency departments. A triage nurse quickly assesses the patient’s condition with questions and vital sign measurements, including blood pressure, heart rate, and temperature. Subsequently, patients are assigned to a priority scale. Although the scale may vary, numerical or color-coded systems are the two most commonly used options. For example, red or 1 implies critical circumstances requiring immediate care, while green or 5 implies lower priority and can wait.
Modern Triage Tools
In recent decades, artificial intelligence has been integrated into triage tools to improve the selection of the most accurate and fastest priority. The Johns Hopkins Hospital’s teaching system employs AI algorithms that analyze collected data and provide triage code recommendations. Integrated into electronic records, the system assists nurses in quickly identifying low-risk patients, improving patient flow, and reducing waiting times.
The Role of the Waiting List
The waiting time in hospital resuscitation departments can vary significantly. While patient status is the main factor, the number of physicians, equipment and space levels, and the overall absorption of the department define the situation. Patients with minor conditions can be sent to fast-track assessment areas where they receive efficient care that stops congestion in critical departments.
Challenges and Opportunities of Triage
Hospital triage is prone to numerous challenges. Staff must be trained to make quick and accurate decisions under pressure, manage a constant flow of patients, intense situations, and communicate with patients and their families. However, advanced systems such as artificial intelligence and ongoing staff training represent opportunities to improve the system.
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