New Biomarkers in Blood for Early Cancer Diagnosis
Discovery of 618 Cancer-Associated Proteins for 19 Types of Cancer
Thanks to two studies led by the University of Oxford and published in Nature Communications, a total of 618 proteins in the blood have been identified that may indicate the presence of 19 different types of tumors. Among these, 107 could reveal the risk of developing cancer up to seven years before a clinical diagnosis is made. In other words, if finalized, these findings could be used as a tool for cancer prevention and early diagnosis.
Study Details and Results
In the first study, researchers analyzed blood samples from over 44,000 individuals, of whom 4,900 later developed a tumor. Each of these samples underwent an analysis of nearly 1,500 proteins. By comparing the results of healthy individuals with those who develop cancer, specific proteins associated with the risk of developing tumors can be identified. Furthermore, 182 proteins show significant changes as early as three years before diagnosis.
Genetic Implications and Cancer-Associated Proteins
In the second study, researchers analyzed genetic information from over 300,000 cancer cases to understand which blood proteins are essential for the development of the disease and how many of them new drugs can target. The researchers found 40 proteins that influence the risk of developing nine types of tumors. Modifying these proteins could increase or decrease the likelihood of developing a tumor.
Prospects for Cancer Prevention and Treatment
These findings represent a significant leap forward in cancer prevention and early diagnosis. The ability to detect the risk of contracting cancer years before the onset of symptoms could revolutionize the approach to these diseases. Tests based on these biomarkers could become an important part of screening and surveillance programs, allowing for more timely and personalized intervention. This approach could not only improve patient prognosis but also reduce costs.
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