West Nile Virus Alert: First Deaths in the US
Experts sound the alarm, the virus continues to pose a serious threat to public health
Record the first deaths caused by the West Nile virus in Wisconsin and Illinois. Although the overall numbers initially appear lower than in the same period of the previous year, experts raise the alarm, pointing out that the virus continues to pose a serious threat to public health.
West Nile virus
West Nile virus, transmitted mainly by the bite of infected mosquitoes, is particularly insidious. Many infected people develop no symptoms or only mild flu-like disorders, making it difficult to identify and contain the epidemic. However, in a small percentage of cases, the infection can evolve into a serious form, with the central nervous system attack. Encephalitis and meningitis are the most feared complications, which can lead to permanent brain damage and, in severe cases, death.
Who is at risk?
Older people and those with compromised immune systems are particularly vulnerable to severe forms of the disease. Some pre-existing medical conditions, such as diabetes and heart disease, can also increase the risk of complications.
The spread of the virus
Illinois and Wisconsin are not the only states affected: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported an increase in cases of the virus in 33 states, with a total of 289 cases in 2024. Of these, 195 have been classified as neuroinvasive, indicating involvement of the central nervous system.
Mosquitoes: the main vectors
Culex mosquitoes are the main vectors of the virus. These insects proliferate in humid and hot environments, finding ideal conditions in wetlands, paddy fields and untended gardens. Climate change, with rising temperatures and more frequent extreme weather events, is creating an environment that is increasingly conducive to the proliferation of mosquitoes and, as a result, of the virus.
How to protect yourself
To reduce the risk of infection, it is essential to take a number of precautions:
- Use insect repellents: Choose products based on DEET or IR3535 and apply them correctly to exposed skin and clothing
- Wear opaque clothing: Prefer light-coloured, long-sleeved garments and long trousers, especially in the evening hours when mosquitoes are most active
- Install mosquito nets: Protect windows and doors with mosquito nets to prevent mosquitoes from entering homes
- Eliminate sources of stagnant water: Regularly check gardens, balconies and terraces, eliminating any containers that may collect rainwater and become a potential breeding ground for mosquitoes
A global problem
West Nile virus is not a US-only problem. The epidemic has also reached other continents, underlining the need for an internationally coordinated response. Scientific research is underway to develop new vaccines and treatments, but at the moment prevention remains the most effective weapon in fighting this threat.