Are vaccinated people less prone to Long Covid? This question is answered by the study funded by the Humanitas Foundation for Research, conducted by Prof. Maria Rescigno, head of the Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology and Microbiota at Humanitas and lecturer in General Pathology at Humanitas University, and Dr. Elena Azzolini, deputy medical director of Humanitas, in collaboration with Prof. Alberto Mantovani, scientific director of Humanitas

The results show that the unvaccinated (no vaccine was available in 2020) are the most exposed to Long Covid (41.8%), against 16% of those who were vaccinated with 3 doses.

The data published in JAMA, The Journal of the American Medical Association, add to the knowledge generated by the Covid Care Program, one of the first and largest studies launched in Humanitas to assess the immune response to Sars-CoV-2.

From March 2020 to April 2022, the research has “photographed” the state of the immune system of the hospital population during the succession of different variants and the effects of the vaccination campaign that has reached the third dose and, for the most fragile, the fourth.

What is Long Covid?

It is a pathological situation defined by the persistence of at least one symptom (extreme fatigue, headache, cognitive fog, loss of sense of smell or disturbance of the cardiovascular system…) for more than 4 weeks after the development of the first signs of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

The aim of the study was to identify the protection of the vaccine against Long Covid in virus-positive, even asymptomatic subjects.

In this respect, the hospital population involved was ‘ideal’ because it was multi-vaccinated, tested for SARS-CoV 2 every fortnight – which made it possible to identify asymptomatic individuals – and serologically tested every three months.

Moreover, this is a population with an average age of around 40 years and a female predominance (70%).

These are important factors given that Long Covid mainly concerns women and that similar studies carried out in other countries have involved men over 60 and differently vaccinated (with only two doses of mRNA vaccine or one dose of Johnson & Johnson).

The Italian study on Long Covid and Vaccination and the results

‘The research followed the pandemic, from before the arrival of the vaccines to the various stages of the vaccination campaign,’ explains Prof. Maria Rescigno.

We were thus able to see that the prevalence of Long Covid went from 41.8% when the vaccines were not yet available, to 16% with 3 doses.

This confirms the effectiveness of 3 doses of vaccine against Long Covid, regardless of the virus variant’.

‘We investigated over 40 symptoms with a questionnaire of over 200 questions submitted to 2560 people,’ concludes Dr Elena Azzolini.

The most frequently encountered symptoms were fatigue, weakness and headaches.

The study also found that as the number of comorbidities increases, but especially allergies, the risk of developing Long Covid is statistically more significant, regardless of vaccination’.

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Source:

Humanitas