Cristiano Antonino 4865 posts

Let's talk about coprolalia. Suddenly, you start swearing and saying obscene words totally disconnected from the context: it is a disorder and affects 20% of those suffering from Tourette's syndrome

Keratoconus is a rare disease affecting the cornea. Surgery is used to stop or delay the development of the disease. The use of vitamin B2 eye drops is essential

Probiotics are mainly taken through the diet and help to improve colon function and defend the gut from the aggression of pathogenic bacteria

If you experience heartburn, gastroesophageal reflux and difficulty swallowing food, you may be experiencing symptoms related to a hiatal hernia

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are an inflammatory process of an infectious nature of the urinary tract

Collapse of the lungs due to air entering the space enclosed by the pleurae. If it is not enough to administer oxygen to relieve laboured breathing and drugs to control pain, it will be necessary to remove the air

Congenital hyperinsulinism is a rare disease. It is the most frequent cause of recurrent hypoglycaemia and may depend on genetic or acquired causes

Nystagmus is defined as the abnormal and rhythmic oscillation of one or both eyes. It is often associated with diseases such as congenital cataracts, retinal or optic nerve malformations, albinism and certain brain diseases

Hepatitis D (Hdv, of which three genotypes have been identified) is an infectious liver disease caused by a so-called 'defective' virus, i.e. a satellite virus that is only able to replicate in the presence of the hepatitis B virus…

Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart in which the left ventricle, which pumps blood into the circulation, is enlarged and cannot contract or shorten normally

Raynaud's phenomenon is characterised by spasm (transient narrowing) of blood vessels in certain peripheral areas of the body

The most frequent symptoms are weight loss, joint swelling and stiffness, hair loss, fever, fatigue, malaise and mouth ulcers

When a migraine attack or episode occurs, you will do almost anything to make symptoms go away. While most migraine is not serious, there are instances where they can be a sign of a more serious condition

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an obstruction of the vessels that carry blood from the brain to the internal jugular vein. It can be due to autoimmune diseases and thrombophilias

Fibromyoma, more frequently known as uterine fibroma, is the most frequent benign tumour of the uterus. Synonyms are myoma and leiomyoma

Ingrown toenail is a very painful condition that can affect women and men indiscriminately and of any age

A rare disease characterised by the appearance of blisters on the skin. It can benefit from immunosuppressive drugs and heals within a few years

Arthrosis of the knee (or gonarthrosis) is a condition caused by premature wear of the joint ends. Gonarthrosis does not allow normal walking and mostly affects the elderly population (>65 years)

Hepatitis E is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis E virus (Hepatitis E) that is particularly prevalent in developing countries where lack of water and poor hygiene conditions favour the spread of the virus

Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome (VHL) is a rare genetic disease. Affected persons have an increased risk of forming fluid-filled sacs (cysts) and developing certain types of tumours, both benign and malignant

Epistaxis is the scientific name for nosebleeds. A large number of capillaries circulate in the nose and can easily rupture

The symptoms associated with intestinal disorders can be diverse. In general, patients present with abdominal pain often correlated with altered alvo, i.e. bowel function (diarrhoea or constipation) and in some cases, patients also report…

There are several other types of pancreatic cancer, but adenocarcinoma is the most common pancreatic neoplasm

Pulmonary emphysema is a disease that affects lung tissue, causing progressive dilation and destruction of the pulmonary alveoli, i.e. the small cavities at the ends of the bronchioles responsible for gas exchange: oxygen and carbon dioxide

Myocardial infarction consists of cell death (necrosis) of a part of the heart muscle, caused by a prolonged absence of blood flow (usually more than 30 minutes), due, in turn, to the sudden occlusion of the coronary artery that normally…

Atopic dermatitis is one of the most frequent skin diseases because it manifests itself in both children and adults with percentages of up to 20% and 3% of cases respectively

Surveys of the general population have documented that more than one in five people may experience some form of anxiety disorder during their lifetime

Transvaginal ultrasound or 'trans-vaginal ultrasound', sometimes abbreviated to ECO-TV or ETV or TVS (from 'Trans-Vaginal Sonography') or TVU (from 'Trans-Vaginal Ultrasonography') is a diagnostic imaging technique that investigates the…

In the fight against cardiovascular diseases, the control of high blood pressure is the one that is yielding the best results in terms of cost-effectiveness

What is an anterior cruciate ligament injury? The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the cornerstones of knee stability. It prevents the anterior translation movement of the tibia over the femur

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that can affect people of all ages. The distinguishing feature of this disease is the recurrence of convulsive seizures to which the patient falls prey

Periodontal disease, commonly called pyorrhoea, is a bacterial disease that, due to the body's inflammatory response, leads to the progressive resorption of the alveolar bone, the bone that keeps the teeth working, with retraction of the…

Perianal fistulas are small tunnels that connect the skin around the anus (perianal skin) with the inside of the anal canal

The term chronic inflammatory bowel disease encompasses two diseases that are similar in many respects but still retain their individuality: ulcerative rectocolitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD)

Heart failure is the condition in which the heart is unable to pump sufficient blood to all organs and parts of the body. The condition is also called heart failure, although this term would be better suited to indicate the stages of heart…

Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CHD) is a malformation consisting of a lack of or incomplete formation of the diaphragm, i.e. a leakage of viscera from the abdomen (where they are normally located) into the thoracic cavity

Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI) is a disorder characterised by difficult venous return to the heart. CVI can be divided into two major groups, depending on the prevailing cause: Organic IVC - caused by real alterations to the veins - and…

Is it possible to identify stages of Parkinson's disease? Parkinson's disease is a gradually progressive neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterised by two phases: a presymptomatic and a symptomatic one

Prostatitis is an inflammation of the prostate gland, affecting 30% to 50% of sexually active men and generally affecting those who have not yet reached the age of fifty

Escherichia coli, also known as E. coli, is a microorganism belonging to the enterobacteria that is commonly found in the intestines of people and animals

Dengue fever is a tropical viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes mainly in South-East Asia and the western Pacific islands

Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease that is still socially disabling despite the availability of drugs that can improve its severity and consequently the sufferer's lifestyle

Poliomyelitis, a terrible disease that could be eradicated from the planet within a few years. But one must not let one's guard down also in the light of the reappearance of the virus, in its vaccine-derived form, in countries where polio…

When we talk about diabetes today, we are talking about a disease whose incidence, in Italy and worldwide, is constantly increasing

Flu is a viral respiratory disease and affects about one billion people worldwide every year

Itching, pain and burning, all localised to the intimate parts: in most cases, genital lichen sclerosus manifests itself in this way

What is hypoglycaemia? In theory, hypoglycaemia is 'the glycaemic level at which neurological dysfunction begins'

Typhoid fever (or typhus) is a serious acute infectious disease, still widespread in Africa, the Middle East, Asia and Latin America

Cystic fibrosis is a hereditary disease that affects the respiratory and digestive systems. The disease is transmitted by a recessive gene, so for a person to be affected, both parents must be carriers of this gene

Hip pain is a widespread problem because it affects one of the most heavily loaded joints in the body

Occupational therapy: we hear about it more and more often in recent years as a rehabilitation therapy, in cases of disability, or of children or adults suffering from physical or mental illnesses or disorders

Cryptorchidism, or retained testicle, is the most common male genital defect and one of the most common problems in paediatrics

Gastritis consists of inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the inside of the stomach. This inflammation (or inflammation) can vary in extent from simple redness (hyperemia) to small abrasions (erosions)

Acute lymphocytic leukaemia is a cancer that affects a particular type of white blood cell, the lymphocyte. Lymphocytes fight infections and are produced by the bone marrow, which normally generates enough of them for the body's needs

The most bizarre theories circulate around eye problems, including presbyopia. We shed light on the most common questions

Leading rescue organisations have long since developed teams dedicated to psychological support and mental health

COP27, to be held in Sharm el-Sheikh, Egypt, from 6 to 18 November, will necessarily have to address climate crises, and their correlation with food and therefore humanitarian crises

A concise classification of the forms of stuttering refers to the particular configuration of the 'block', the characteristic sound that the verbal block manifests in articulatory effort

Researchers at the Alma Mater in Bologna have discovered how nickel binds to a protein to develop lung cancer

What do we mean by fractures? A fracture is defined as a break in a skeletal segment (bony or cartilaginous)

Baby blues and post-partum depression: the birth of a baby is an event typically associated with an ideal of happiness, satisfaction and joy for parents, so much so that it seems to many that it is impossible for a new mother not to feel…

Hyperthyroidism is the condition in which the thyroid gland releases large amounts of thyroid hormones: thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)

Herpes Simplex is an infection caused by viruses of the herpesvirus family. Two types are known: HSV1, which prefers the upper part of the body and the oropharyngeal mucosa transmitted by interhuman contact, by the saliva of healthy…

Learn how US EMTs and paramedics identify, treat and care for patients with cardiac rhythm disorders

Galactosemia is a rare hereditary disease that causes cirrhosis in children, but not only. What is even more serious is that galactosemia can have devastating effects if it is not diagnosed in time

Speaking of vascular disease immediately induces two broad categories of ideas

Cerebral stroke is a consequence of the failure of an artery to supply an area of the brain with blood, either because the artery itself ruptures (haemorrhagic stroke) or because it is occluded by a thrombus (thrombotic stroke)

What is rhinitis? It is the irritation or inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes. Typical symptoms of this condition are a runny nose, itching and congestion; these are the nose's natural response to irritation and are often accompanied…

Meniscal injuries are fairly frequent injuries that affect individuals of any age and can involve the body of the meniscus, the anterior horn and the posterior horn; they are divided into radial, horizontal and vertical

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder (hence the acronym OCPD) is a personality disorder characterised by: preoccupation with order and rules, difficulty in completing tasks, perfectionism, rigidity on matters of ethics and morality,…

Macroangiopathy is an alteration that affects the large arterial vessels, generally through atherosclerosis, i.e. through deposition of fat (plaque) on the surface of the inner lining of these vessels and subsequent fibrous transformation…

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is the term that, together with adreno-genital syndromes, is commonly used to describe a group of autosomal recessive disorders due to the lack of one of the five enzymes involved in cortisol synthesis in the…

The J-curve hypothesis represents one of the most debated issues in the recent, but also current, treatment of arterial hypertension. I.M. Stewart, in an article published in 1979 in the Lancet, proposed the existence of a relationship…

Impetigo belongs to the large group of pyoderma, pustular infections of the skin caused by pyogenic (i.e. pus-producing) germs

The human papillomavirus (Human Papilloma Virus = HPV) is the most frequent cause of genital infection in women. There are many types of this virus that can infect the skin or mucous membranes and differ in their DNA content

Heart palpitations are a common symptom that can be caused by various health problems. Sometimes, they are the result of a serious heart condition, such as a heart attack or arrhythmia. In other cases, they can be caused by an incorrect…

Isosporiasis is an infection localised in the intestine and caused by Isospora belli (a protozoan coccidium)

Let's talk about breast cancer. Breast cancer is the most frequently diagnosed neoplasm in women: about 1 malignant tumour in every 3 (30%)

Duchenne muscular dystrophy is a rare hereditary disease that progressively subverts the structure of muscle

The term hyperuricemia refers to an increase in uric acid values in the blood above the normal range

Shoulder instability can be post-traumatic (i.e. after an accidental dislocation) or idiopathic in nature (i.e. due to congenital over-elasticity of joint structures)

Helicobacter Pylori is a spiral-shaped Gram-negative bacterium; its main characteristic is that it produces large quantities of urease, an enzyme required for the breakdown of urea with the production of ammonium ions

Stroke is a cerebrovascular disease that causes permanent neurological damage. In Italy there are about 185,000 cases each year, of which about 35,000 are recurrences

Psychotherapy: the main objective of psychological support is to help anyone who feels the need, whether they are children, adolescents, adults or the elderly, and can be individual or in couples

Rheumatoid arthritis is a disease with an autoimmune imprint and unknown aetiology that causes pain, swelling, stiffness and loss of normal function of the affected joint

Chronic kidney failure consists of a progressive, slow and persistent reduction in kidney function due to irreversible destruction of the functional units of the kidney (nephrons made up of glomeruli, tubules and vessels, which are…

The term stomatopyrosis, or burning mouth syndrome (BMS), refers to a chronic painful symptomatology of the oral cavity that manifests itself with severe burning in the absence of mucosal lesions

Hodgkin's lymphoma is a cancer that attacks the lymphatic system, the network of thin vessels that distribute fluid throughout the body, carrying immune cells, and the lymph nodes (small bean-shaped glands found in the groin, underarms,…

Responding to emergencies is one of the most important things you can learn in a first aid course. In an emergency, you will have the skills and knowledge to provide potentially life-saving assistance

Hypertension is the elevation of blood pressure values within the arterial circulation above normal values. High blood pressure is a potentially dangerous condition for the body and an important cardiovascular risk factor

Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a rare but very serious complication of general anaesthesia (GA) that occurs in genetically predisposed subjects (subjects susceptible to MH) following exposure to triggering factors

Sicily: the search resumed this morning for the two pilots of the Canadair that crashed yesterday afternoon near Mount Etna

Cleft lip - also known as cheiloschisis or, more commonly, as 'harelip' - is a fairly common congenital malformation (the incidence is one case per 1000 live births) due to the failure of the two portions of the upper lip of the newborn…

Shared psychotic disorder', also called Lasègue-Falret syndrome or 'shared psychosis' or 'folie à deux' (i.e. 'madness shared by two') in psychiatry refers to a very rare psychiatric syndrome in which a symptom of psychosis - typically a…

Sicily, a Canadair crashed in the territory of Linguaglossa, in the province of Catania: it was a fire-fighting aircraft that crashed on the slopes of Mount Etna

Many new parents worry a great deal when they see their newborn child have hiccups, however, hiccups - in most cases - are a completely normal event that should not cause concern

Refractive surgery is a technique that uses excimer lasers to reshape the surface of the cornea in order to correct or significantly reduce refractive vision defects (myopia, hypermetropia or astigmatism)

Urethritis refers to acute and chronic inflammation of the urethra, a small channel that allows urine to pass from the bladder to the outside

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) can be considered the model of systemic autoimmune diseases. The clinical presentation of SLE is highly variable and clinical pictures include general manifestations and alterations of various organs and…

What is leukaemia? When we speak of leukaemias we mean a very large number of malignant pathologies that are all grouped under this term, but which differ from each other in the type of cell involved in the tumour transformation process